Tensions return to Tigray: fears of a new civil war

Fighting has resumed in northern Ethiopia as Tigrayan fighters took control of the main airport in Mekelle on September 23. The fighters also clashed with federal forces in the Afar and Amhara regions during an offensive. These developments follow the Tigray People’s Liberation Front joining a new coalition of seven rebel groups that intends to overthrow Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's government.

Federal forces responded to the fighting with ground operations and drone strikes. During the conflict, an attack occurred on a Catholic Relief Services convoy transporting food aid. Local reports indicate that fighting has damaged hospitals, schools, and religious institutions. The International Committee of the Red Cross stated it evacuated approximately 160 people from Tigray, including Ethiopian Federal Police officers.

The humanitarian situation in Tigray is critical due to months of isolation. The federal government has restricted medical supplies and fuel while blocking salaries for public sector employees. Residents also face potential disruptions to communications and electricity.